Red and Blue States

Political Leaning
Political Leaning
AlabamaAlabamaRepublican
AlaskaAlaskaRepublican
ArizonaArizonaSwing State
ArkansasArkansasRepublican
CaliforniaCaliforniaDemocrat
ColoradoColoradoDemocrat
ConnecticutConnecticutDemocrat
DelawareDelawareDemocrat
District of ColumbiaDistrict of ColumbiaDemocrat
FloridaFloridaSwing State
GeorgiaGeorgiaSwing State
HawaiiHawaiiDemocrat
IdahoIdahoRepublican
IllinoisIllinoisDemocrat
IndianaIndianaRepublican
IowaIowaRepublican
KansasKansasRepublican
KentuckyKentuckyRepublican
LouisianaLouisianaRepublican
MaineMaineDemocrat
MarylandMarylandDemocrat
MassachusettsMassachusettsDemocrat
MichiganMichiganSwing State
MinnesotaMinnesotaSwing State
MississippiMississippiRepublican
MissouriMissouriRepublican
MontanaMontanaRepublican
NebraskaNebraskaRepublican
NevadaNevadaSwing State
New HampshireNew HampshireDemocrat
New JerseyNew JerseyDemocrat
New MexicoNew MexicoDemocrat
New YorkNew YorkDemocrat
North CarolinaNorth CarolinaSwing State
North DakotaNorth DakotaRepublican
OhioOhioSwing State
OklahomaOklahomaRepublican
OregonOregonDemocrat
PennsylvaniaPennsylvaniaSwing State
Rhode IslandRhode IslandDemocrat
South CarolinaSouth CarolinaRepublican
South DakotaSouth DakotaRepublican
TennesseeTennesseeRepublican
TexasTexasRepublican
UtahUtahRepublican
VermontVermontDemocrat
VirginiaVirginiaDemocrat
WashingtonWashingtonDemocrat
West VirginiaWest VirginiaRepublican
WisconsinWisconsinSwing State
WyomingWyomingRepublican

Introduction

The geographic distribution of America's political affiliations, often color-coded as red, blue, and purple, provides critical insights into the ideological landscape of the United States. Since 2000, the terms “red state”, “blue state”, and “swing state” have become ingrained in our election lexicon, representing regions that tend to vote predominantly Republican, Democratic, or fluctuate between the two parties respectively in presidential and other statewide elections. Through adopting winner-take-all systems, states can appear uniformly red or blue despite population nuances. Yet, with a surge in polarisation, some states have sustained their partisan leaning for several election periods.

  • States tend to lean more towards the Republican Party, with a total of 23 states identified as Republican, compared to 16 Democratic states, and 11 Swing States.
  • There is a noticeable regional pattern. The West Coast, Northeast, and some Great Lakes states tend to lean Democratic, while the Central and Southeast regions lean more Republican- thus continuing the trend of an urban-rural divide.
  • Swing states, which fluctuate between Republican and Democratic alignment, are interspersed throughout the nation but notably include competitive regions such as Florida, Pennsylvania, and North Carolina. These states often determine the outcome of national elections due to their volatile political leanings.
  • Long-standing red states include traditionally conservative regions like Wyoming, Alabama, and Idaho, while steadfast blue states encompass archetypally liberal states such as California, New York, and Massachusetts.
  • While some states like Alaska remain consistently Republican, others like Georgia have transitioned from a Republican stronghold to a Swing state, reflecting how demographic shifts and socio-political factors can change a state's political leaning over time.

By Region

Alabama

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Alabama

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Republican

Alaska

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Alaska

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Republican

Arizona

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Arizona

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Swing State

Arkansas

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Arkansas

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Republican

California

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California

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Democrat

Colorado

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Colorado

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Democrat

Connecticut

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Connecticut

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Democrat

Delaware

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Delaware

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Democrat

District of Columbia

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District of Columbia

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Democrat

Florida

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Florida

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Swing State

Georgia

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Georgia

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Swing State

Hawaii

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Hawaii

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Democrat

Idaho

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Idaho

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Republican

Illinois

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Illinois

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Democrat

Indiana

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Indiana

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Republican

Iowa

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Iowa

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Republican

Kansas

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Kansas

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Republican

Kentucky

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Kentucky

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Republican

Louisiana

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Louisiana

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Republican

Maine

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Maine

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Democrat

Maryland

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Maryland

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Democrat

Massachusetts

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Massachusetts

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Democrat

Michigan

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Michigan

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Swing State

Minnesota

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Minnesota

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Swing State

Mississippi

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Mississippi

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Republican

Missouri

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Missouri

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Republican

Montana

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Montana

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Republican

Nebraska

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Nebraska

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Republican

Nevada

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Nevada

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Swing State

New Hampshire

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New Hampshire

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Democrat

New Jersey

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New Jersey

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Democrat

New Mexico

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New Mexico

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Democrat

New York

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New York

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Democrat

North Carolina

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North Carolina

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Swing State

North Dakota

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North Dakota

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Republican

Ohio

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Ohio

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Swing State

Oklahoma

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Oklahoma

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Republican

Oregon

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Oregon

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Democrat

Pennsylvania

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Pennsylvania

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Swing State

Rhode Island

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Rhode Island

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Democrat

South Carolina

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South Carolina

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Republican

South Dakota

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South Dakota

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Republican

Tennessee

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Tennessee

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Republican

Texas

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Texas

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Republican

Utah

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Utah

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Republican

Vermont

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Vermont

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Democrat

Virginia

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Virginia

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Democrat

Washington

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Washington

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Democrat

West Virginia

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West Virginia

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Republican

Wisconsin

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Wisconsin

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Swing State

Wyoming

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Wyoming

Metric

Value

Rank

Political Leaning

Republican

Table

Region ↕Political Leaning ↕
Alabama iconAlabamaRepublican
Alaska iconAlaskaRepublican
Arizona iconArizonaSwing State
Arkansas iconArkansasRepublican
California iconCaliforniaDemocrat
Colorado iconColoradoDemocrat
Connecticut iconConnecticutDemocrat
Delaware iconDelawareDemocrat
District of Columbia iconDistrict of ColumbiaDemocrat
Florida iconFloridaSwing State
Georgia iconGeorgiaSwing State
Hawaii iconHawaiiDemocrat
Idaho iconIdahoRepublican
Illinois iconIllinoisDemocrat
Indiana iconIndianaRepublican
Iowa iconIowaRepublican
Kansas iconKansasRepublican
Kentucky iconKentuckyRepublican
Louisiana iconLouisianaRepublican
Maine iconMaineDemocrat
Maryland iconMarylandDemocrat
Massachusetts iconMassachusettsDemocrat
Michigan iconMichiganSwing State
Minnesota iconMinnesotaSwing State
Mississippi iconMississippiRepublican
Missouri iconMissouriRepublican
Montana iconMontanaRepublican
Nebraska iconNebraskaRepublican
Nevada iconNevadaSwing State
New Hampshire iconNew HampshireDemocrat
New Jersey iconNew JerseyDemocrat
New Mexico iconNew MexicoDemocrat
New York iconNew YorkDemocrat
North Carolina iconNorth CarolinaSwing State
North Dakota iconNorth DakotaRepublican
Ohio iconOhioSwing State
Oklahoma iconOklahomaRepublican
Oregon iconOregonDemocrat
Pennsylvania iconPennsylvaniaSwing State
Rhode Island iconRhode IslandDemocrat
South Carolina iconSouth CarolinaRepublican
South Dakota iconSouth DakotaRepublican
Tennessee iconTennesseeRepublican
Texas iconTexasRepublican
Utah iconUtahRepublican
Vermont iconVermontDemocrat
Virginia iconVirginiaDemocrat
Washington iconWashingtonDemocrat
West Virginia iconWest VirginiaRepublican
Wisconsin iconWisconsinSwing State
Wyoming iconWyomingRepublican
Keep reading

Additional Political Datasets

Republican States

Republican States

States with Open Primaries

States with Open Primaries

Swing States

Swing States

Trump Approval Rating By State

Trump Approval Rating By State

Voter Turnout by Country

Voter Turnout by Country

Winner Take All States

Winner Take All States